Saturday, December 28, 2019

The Civil Rights And Women s Movement Essay - 1542 Words

The idea of peacekeeping and the maintaining of order began centuries ago. However, long ago women were not involved in this. As women did enter within 20th century their role was limited. As time passes, change takes place. During the 60’s and 70’s the Civil Rights and Women’s Movement were key in changing laws. Around this time women were beginning to obtain the same duties as male officers and studies were being done on those in the police force. Many male officers believed women were too emotional and/or incapable of doing an officers duties, as is an excuse for a woman president. However, studies proved different. Even with the studies, and the fact that years have passed, within the 80’s and 90’s there have been lawsuits and files of harassment in San Francisco, New York, Detroit, and Michigan to name a few. If that is not enough women often stuffer defeminization, from male officers that somehow try to neutralize the fact that women are women . Not more than two years ago, I listened to three minority female officers conversing on the difficulties of being a female officer. Though women have been accepted into police force, it has been a very slow and difficult process. What follows is a brief chronology of their struggle to become assimilated into and become an important part NYC’s â€Å"finest† – the N.Y.P.D. Introduction The History There is no denying that women have been great leaders in history – from Helen of Troy and Celopatra to Queen Elizabeth andShow MoreRelatedWomen s Rights Of The Civil Rights Movement1619 Words   |  7 Pagesproposed Equal Rights Amendment, feminists of the 1960s and 70s rallied once again for this change in the Constitution. The amendment, simply stating that, â€Å"Equality of rights under the law shall not be abridged by the United States or any State on account of sex,† quickly gained popularity among activists in the 1970s. This support was not surprising, as this decade was a time of great change and protest. Feminist felt that just as African Americans were gaining civil rights, women, too, should beRead MoreEssay on Civil Rights Movement and Women ´s Right1013 Words   |  5 PagesPositive Impact Throughout the years, minority groups have fought for rights and equal treatment. Some of those have impacted history. Women’s rights as well as the Civil rights movements have impacted history and society as a whole. Colored people are no longer suffering of racism. And women have gotten more rights, just like men. Even after all those years have passed, 1969-2000, new groups arise and are fighting for their own rights and equality. It shows how society keeps changing and the impactRead MoreWomen s Role During The Civil Rights Movement1272 Words   |  6 PagesWomen’s status has changed dramatically over the years in the U.S. When the nation was first established, women had no rights. They were not even considered legal citizens until 1868. Their role was being â€Å"in the home,† also known as cooking, cleaning, etc. They had absolutely no power. Women have fought for everything they have achieved in the past and continue to fight today for gender equali ty. The 1970s were the main part of the women’s revolution; Title IX was born. Before this was madeRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1547 Words   |  7 PagesFlorida SouthWestern State College The Women’s Rights Movement What was the significance of the Seneca Falls Convention on the Women’s Rights Movement? Jennifer Flores AMH2010 Mr. Stehlin 16 November 2015 The Women’s Rights Movement began in 1848 with the first assembly of women and men gathering to discuss the civil, social, and other conditions of women. The Seneca Falls Convention was the start of the women’s movement. The two women who organized this event were Lucretia Mott andRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Civil Rights Movement1623 Words   |  7 Pagescolonial days by Britain, before the civil war, as slaves. They were the foundation of slave economy, being auctioned off and sold, with no thought given to their opinions, families, or lives. Throughout American history, African Americans have slowly fought their way towards where they are today. Their fight has developed into the Civil Rights Movement in the 1900s. Many historians would agree that the start of the Civil Rights Movement happened early in the 1940’s as approximately two million AfricanRead MoreAfrican American Women During The Civil Rights Era942 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil Rights Er a, which took place during the years of 1955 till 1968, was indeed the movement that gave African Americans the push to achieve their first major accomplishments of the decade. The Civil Rights Movements goals were to break down the walls of legal segregation in public places, achieve equality and justice for African Americans, and to help make African Americans become more self-conscious when standing for all their interest. This movement not only benefited men, but it also benefitedRead MorePublic Opinion on Gender Issues: Human Rights, American Civil Rights, and Feminist Movements1328 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Movements that Significantly Affected Public Opinion on Gender Issues: Human Rights, American Civil Rights, and Feminist Movements The development of social movements in the course of human history has led to unprecedented changes that challenged the not only the status quo, but most importantly, the worldviews of societies as well. Social movements have sprung to create a new world order that defined human societies as they exist today. It is not surprising, then, that social movements likeRead MoreThe 1960’s: Decade of Disillusionment992 Words   |  4 PagesThe 1960’s and early 1970’s were a time that eternally changed the culture and humanity of America. It was a time widely known for peace and love when in reality; many minorities were struggling to gain a modicum of equality and freedom. It was a time, in which a younger generation rebelled against the conventional norms, questioning power and government, and insisting on more freedoms for minorities. In addition, an enormous movement began rising in opposition to the Vietnam War. It was a time ofRead MoreThe 1950s and 1960s: A Time o f Great Changes Shaping the America We Have Today1006 Words   |  5 PagesWhen most people think of the 1950’s or 1960’s, they think of Elvis, Greasers, jukeboxes, Woodstock, and rainbow peace signs and hippie love. Although these symbols are somewhat accurate (and very popular), not many people think about the changes society and culture went through. The 1950’s and 60’s were a time of great change and freedom for many Americans. Everything from World War II, to the gay liberation movement, to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 helped to change society. Many of the viewsRead MoreThe Feminist Movement1137 Words   |  5 Pagesalways been a common belief that women exist inferior to men. The Bible demonstrates that God made the first woman Eve from the rib of Adam and God â€Å"[does] not permit a woman to teach or to exercise authority over a man; rather, she is to remain quiet† (1 Timothy 2:11-15). However, understanding their important role in t he family and society and feeling tired of being undertreated by men, women finally stood up for themselves. In the 19th century, the Feminist Movement emerged and completely changed

Friday, December 20, 2019

Rome Ruled The World Essay - 696 Words

What Life was Like When Rome Ruled the World nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; This book gave a very interesting perspective of what happened during 100 BC-AD 200. It told about everything that happened from fashion to the struggle for power. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;This book gave a person, who knew little about the Roman Empire, the opportunity to catch up, and a person, who knew quite a bit, more details. Although this book was just an overview of what happened, it sets up what would later happen over the course of history. While a good learning guide for beginners in Roman history, this book expected people to know some of events before its time period. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What life was Like When Rome Ruled the World†¦show more content†¦Julius Caesar served as co-counsel with Mark Anthony. Traditionally, Rome’s two counsels had been elected by the citizenry to lead the republic for a term of one year, except in times of crisis, when one man was appointed to serve temporarily as dictator. Caesar was trying to be assassinated by Cassius and Brutus. He had a dream on the very eve of the ides of March, that he raped his mother. This meant he was destined to conquer earth, â€Å"our universal mother†. On the night of March 14 he dreamed that he was â€Å"soaring above the clouds and shaking hands with Jupiter†. When Julius Caesar was carried into the building, he turned to the augur Spurinna and said, â€Å"The ides of March have come.† Servilius Casca then stabbed Caesar. Others then joined in, some missing their target and stabbing each other. When Caesar saw that Brutus had joined in, he turned to him and said in Greek, â€Å"You, too, my child?† nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Romans had quite a bit of pride in their myths and stories. They believed a woman could be granted fertility by being lashed by a priest with a sacred goatskin. They also believed in the Greek gods. The Romans believed that the ascent of Rome started with the fall of Troy. They believed Aeneas escaped the desecration of the fabled stronghold by the Greeks by sailing to Italy where he wed a daughter of a king. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Romans enjoyed their games. Common people had reason to cherish the games, because the gatheringsShow MoreRelatedThe Presentation of Rome and Egypt in the Play Antony and Cleopatra793 Words   |  4 PagesThe Presentation of Rome and Egypt in the Play Antony and Cleopatra One of the foremost of themes in the play of Antony and Cleopatra alongside â€Å"tragedy† and â€Å"love† is the differences between the two â€Å"worlds† of Rome and Egypt. Throughout the play, Shakespeare frequently presents and demonstrates to the audience the reality and differences between these two â€Å"worlds† in many ways and forms. In this essay I will discuss how Shakespeare does this and how he presents it Read MoreEssay on The Comparative Strength Of Rome1038 Words   |  5 PagesRome, considered by most the greatest empire of the ancient world, stretched from modern day England to Palestine and was more successful than all previous Empires. Romes government, military, economic and civic structures were all superior to those of their predecessors. The Sumerians were the first people to build civilization and attempt empire in the western world. Like Rome, they had a governmental structure,Read MoreAncient Greece And Napoleon s France1578 Words   |  7 PagesWhen looking at a culture as prominent as Rome was in its time, a few questions come to mind. Many cultures and civilizations have existed over time, but very few have reached the complexity and reputation of Rome. Greece and Napoleon’s France are two of a very short list of these types of civilizations. To be able to understand Rome’s prominence, one must look at their origins. From there, one can delve into the main culture and analyze the civilization’s height. Did their beginning prompt theirRead MoreAncient Rome, The Heart Of A Great Empire1545 Words   |  7 PagesAncient Rome, the heartbeat of a great empire, was the birthplace of one of the best civilizations on earth. Its ruins tell a story of the world’s first metropolis. Rome was built on a swamp with extraordinary engineering. Buried underground beneath the streets of Rome are the pillars of Rome’s power. Archeologists are now analyzing pieces of infrastructure about the city of Rome and the people that profoundly influenced the world. Rome was the first civilization to conquer the western world. At itsRead MoreImpact Of The Transition From The Republic Of Empire1083 Words   |  5 Pages2016 Rome: Impact of the transition from Republic to Empire. While researching texts written about the Republic Rome and Empire Rome, I found very interesting things to talk about. However, my goal in this essay is to bring the sources that I have to explain and discuss the impact of the transition from the Republican Rome to Imperial Rome upon the development of Government using as a primary source of visual art the Ara Pacis Augustae or Altar of the Augustan Peace in Rome. The Republic Rome RomeRead MoreThe Achaemenid Era Of The Persian Empire1652 Words   |  7 Pagesattributed back to one man, Cyrus the Great. Cyrus was born to Camyses I, the King Ansan, and his wife, Mandane. (Religion p. 3) When Cyrus became King his Kingdom was still forced to recognize the Median Lordship of Astyages, a dynasty that had ruled the area for the previous 150 years. In 559 BCE Cyrus formed a rebellion against the Astyages and upon his victory married his daughter Amytis cementing the Medes and Persians together to begin the forming of the Persian Empire. (Briant p. 33) Read MoreCorrupted Imperial Rome1089 Words   |  5 PagesImperial Rome was an era that had drastic political benefits and deficits. There were a variety of different dynasties that ruled during this period. All of the dynasties ruled after the assassination of Julius Caesar. He was thought to be a conspirator of corruption, but his death was to promote corruption. Among the leaders of Rome, corruption was widespread. Augustus was one of many leaders that supported corruption. Julius Caesar was executed for supporting corruption. Coincidentally, JuliusRead MoreCivilization Is An Essential Design1000 Words   |  4 Pagesand manners in society. Without civilizations, the world as we know it would not be. A civilization develops superfluous of things that help the people be a stable community. These build up an outline for the advancement and rise of the empire. Government is also existent in civilizations. Likewise, the Roman Civilization is an essence on the mankind. It gifted us with their rich culture and also preserved the tradition of the Hellenistic world. The Roman Empire has been one of the most dominantRead MoreChristianity And The Early Stages1468 Words   |  6 Pagesstages? and what influenced it? Rome held a huge part in both of these things. The Roman emperors, culture, and the Roman religion all were things that influenced early Christianity very much. The time period in which Jesus was on earth was probably the best time he could have come. It was a time of Hellenization, right after Rome had taken over Greece. Most of the world was in the Greek empire before it was taken over by Rome, so everything was Greek, and Rome adopted most of the Greek cultureRead MoreHow Did The World Changed Throughout The First Millennium Century?1687 Words   |  7 Pagesyears later King Harsha died Xuanzang returned and the kingdom fell apart and divided for centuries. The world changed in many ways because kingdoms and empires rose and fell. In this lesson, you will read about how they expand and developed. Early in the first millennium C.E., a series of crises shook the classical civilization on China, Rome, and India. They had dominated their separate worlds and produced great cultural achievements. The first to fail was the Han Empire. It was a time of peace

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Michelangelo Was Pessimistic In His Poetry And An Optimist In His Artw Essay Example For Students

Michelangelo Was Pessimistic In His Poetry And An Optimist In His Artw Essay ork. Michelangelos artwork consisted of paintings and sculptures that showed humanity in its natural state. Michelangelos poetry was pessimistic in his response to Strazzi even though he was complementing him. Michelangelos sculpture brought out his optimism. Michelangelo was optimistic in completing The Tomb of Pope Julius II and persevered through its many revisions trying to complete his vision. Sculpture was Michelangelos main goal and the love of his life. Since his art portrayed both optimism and pessimism, Michelangelo was in touch with his positive and negative sides, showing that he had a great and stable personality. Michelangelos artwork consisted of paintings and sculptures that showed humanity in its natural state. Michelangelo Buonarroti was called to Rome in 1505 by Pope Julius II to create for him a monumental tomb. We have no clear sense of what the tomb was to look like, since over the years it went through at least five conceptual revisions. The tomb was to have three levels; the bottom level was to have sculpted figures representing Victory and bond slaves. The second level was to have statues of Moses and Saint Paul as well as symbolic figures of the active and contemplative life-representative of the human striving for, and reception of, knowledge. The third level, it is assumed, was to have an effigy of the deceased pope. The tomb of Pope Julius II was never finished. What was finished of the tomb represents a twenty-year span of frustrating delays and revised schemes. Michelangelo had hardly begun work on the popes tomb when Julius commanded him to fresco the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel to complete the work done in the previous century under Sixtus IV. The overall organization consists of four large triangles at the corner; a series of eight triangular spaces on the outer border; an intermediate series of figures; and nine central panels, all bound together with architectural motifs and nude male figures. The corner triangles depict heroic action in the Old Testament, while the other eight triangles depict the biblical ancestors of Jesus Christ. Michelangelo conceived and executed this huge work as a single unit. Its overall meaning is a problem. The issue has engaged historians of art for generations without satisfactory resolution. The paintings that were done by Michelangelo had been painted with the brightest colors that just bloomed the whole ceiling as one entered to look. The ceiling had been completed just a little after the Pope had died. The Sistine Chapel is the best fresco ever done. Michelangelo embodied many characteristic qualities of the Renaissance. An individualistic, highly competitive genius (sometimes to the point of eccentricity). Michelangelo was not afraid to show humanity in its natural state nakedness; even in front of the Pope and the other religious leaders. Michelangelo portrayed life as it is, even with its troubles. Michelangelo wanted to express his own artistic ideas. The most puzzling thing about Michelangelos ceiling design is the great number of seemingly irrelevant nude figures that he included in his gigantic fresco. Four youths frame most of the Genesis scenes. We know from historical records that various church officials objected to the many nudes, but Pope Julius gave Michelangelo artistic freedom, and eventually ruled the chapel off limits to anyone save himself, until the painting was completed. The many nude figures are referred to as Ignudi. They are naked humans, perhaps representing the naked truth. More likely, I think they re present Michelangelos concept of the human potential for perfection. Michelangelo himself said, Whoever strives for perfection is striving for something divine. In painting nude humans, he is suggesting the unfinished human; each of us is born nude with a mind and a body, in Neoplatonic thought, with the power to be our own shapers. Michelangelo has a very great personality for his time. In Rome, in 1536, Michelangelo was at work on the Last Judgment for the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel, which he finished in 1541. The largest fresco of the Renaissance, it depicts Judgment Day. Christ, with a clap of thunder, puts into motion the inevitable separation, with the saved ascending on the left side of the painting and the damned descending on the right into a Dantesque hell. As was his custom, Michelangelo portrayed all the figures nude, but prudish draperies were added by another artist (who was dubbed the breeches-maker) a decade later, as the cultural climate became more conservati ve. Michelangelo painted his own image in the flayed skin of St. Bartholomew. Although he was also given another painting commission, the decoration of the Pauline Chapel in the 1540s, his main energies were directed toward architecture during this phase of his life. Instead of being obedient to classical Greek and Roman practices, Michelangelo used motifs-columns, pediments, and brackets-for a personal and expressive purpose. A Florentine-although born March 6, 1475, in the small village of Caprese near Arezzo-Michelangelo continued to have a deep attachment to his city, its art, and its culture throughout his long life. He spent the greater part of his adulthood in Rome, employed by the popes; characteristically, however, he left instructions that he be buried in Florence, and his body was placed there in a fine monument in the church of Santa Croce. .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2 , .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2 .postImageUrl , .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2 , .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2:hover , .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2:visited , .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2:active { border:0!important; } .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2:active , .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2 .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaef716dad8c621d41316fd5af1c9d7f2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sociology factors EssayMichelangelo portrayed both optimism and pessimism. Sculptures was where he wanted his heart dedicated. Michelangelo gave up painting apprenticeship to take up a new career in sculpture. Michelangelo then went to Rome, where he was able to examine many newly unearthed classical statues and ruins. He soon produced his first large-scale sculpture, the over-life-size Bacchus (1496-98, Bargello, Florence). One of the few works of pagan rather than Christian subject matter made by the master, it rivaled ancient statuary, the highest mark of admiration in Renaissance Rome. At about the same time, Michelangelo also did the marble Piet? (1498-1500), still in its original place in Saint Peters Basilica. One of the most famous works of art, the Piet? was probably finished before Michelangelo was 25 years old, and it is the only work he ever signed. The youthful Mary is shown seated majestically, holding the dead Christ across her lap, a theme borrowed from northern European art. Instead of revealing extreme grief, Mary is restrained, and her expression is one of resignation. In this work, Michelangelo summarizes the sculptural innovations of his 15th-century predecessors such as Donatello, while ushering in the new monumentality of the High Renaissance style of the 16th century. Michelangelo was pessimistic in his response to Strazzi. I did not see Strazzi as complementing him. Michelangelo responds in a pessimistic tone to what should have been a complement. Michelangelo said, sleep is precious; more precious to be stone, when evil and shame are aboard; it is a blessing not to see, not to hear. Pray, do not disturb me. Speak softly. During his long lifetime, Michelangelo was an intimate of princes and popes, from Lorenzo de Medici to Leo X, Clement VIII, and Pius III, as well as cardinals, painters, and poets. Neither easy to get along with nor easy to understand, he expressed his view of himself and the world even more directly in his poetry than in the other arts. Much of his verse deals with art and the hardships he underwent, or with Neoplatonic philosophy and personal relationships. The great Renaissance poet Ludovico Ariosto wrote succinctly of this famous artist: Michael more than mortal, divine angel. Indeed, Michelangelo was widely awarded the epit hetdivine because of his extraordinary accomplishments. Two generations of Italian painters and sculptors were impressed by his treatment of the human figure: Raphael, Annibale Carracci, Pontormo, Rosso Fiorentino, Sebastiano del Piombo, and Titian. In conclusion, Michelangelo (1475-1564), was arguably one of the most inspired creators in the history of art and, with Leonardo da Vinci, the most potent force in the Italian High Renaissance. As a sculptor, architect, painter, and poet, he exerted a tremendous influence on his contemporaries and on subsequent Western art in general. Michelangelo was pessimistic in his poetry and an optimist in his artwork. Michelangelos works showed humanity in its natural state. Michelangelos sculptures were his goals. Michelangelo was very intelligent for the works that he did. Michelangelo always wanted to finish the works that he worked on before moving on to another. I think that Michelangelo was to good of a person. He educates the people of today as well as the people in his time about the true religious aspects that there is to learn. Michelangelo was a role model for the people of his time as well as for the people of today. Michelangelo was also a great poet, a pessimist, but a great one. Michelangelo is my role model. I respect him for the works that he did and the talent that he had. I want to be like Michel.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Microsoft Essay Paper Example For Students

Microsoft Essay Paper violations. In October of this year, the government finally asked a judge to order Microsoft to stop requiring PC makers to include Internet Explorer when they install Windows 95 in their computers. Attorney General, Janet Reno, who referred to the company as a monopoly several times in her press conference, claimed that the company had violated the 1994 settlement, and that the Justice Department would seek a $1 million per day fine if they didn’t stop the practice. She said, This administration has taken great efforts to spur technological innovation, promote competition and make sure that the consumers have the ability to choose among competing products. This} action shows that we won’t tolerate any coercion by dominant companies in any way that distorts competition. (Labaton 2) The government’s petition seeks an order that would bar Microsoft from compelling PC manufacturers to accept their browser as a condition of receiving the OS, Windows 95. We will write a custom essay on Microsoft Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now It also asks the court to order the company to notify Windows 95 users that they can use any compatible Internet Browser, as well as provide instructions on how to remove Internet Explorer from their computer. In response to the petition, Bill Gates, Microsoft’s chairman and chief executive, said that his company was not violating the antitrust agreement. He proclaimed his belief that his company had every right to improve and add to the basic features of the Windows OS. He went on to say that he hoped to further improve Windows by adding new capabilities, such as speech recognition and machine vision, to it. The Justice Department has several key issues that it has to deal with in its case against Microsoft. By deal with, I mean they have to get around Microsoft’s answers to their charges. First, the department is accusing the company of threatening computer makers who delete the Internet Explorer icon. The company answers this by claiming that â€Å"†¦computer manufacturers are free to ship any competitor product they wish, but they are not allowed to disable features of our products,† (Just Dept v MS 2). Second, the government is contending that the terms of Microsoft’s non-disclosure agreements are an obstacle in the way of their attempts to gather evidence for their investigation. Microsoft says that their non-disclosure agreements are no different than those of most companies within the software industry, as well as outside it. Finally, there is the matter of the competitive browser possibly representing a threat to Microsoft’s key product, its operating system. Company officials claim that by not allowing them to include their browser with Windows, the government is preventing innovation. They say that the pace of the competition will quickly pummel a company that stops innovating, and that the consumers win because competition drives firms to deliver better products at lower prices. In essence, Microsoft is claiming that by not allowing them to include the browser, the government is stifling the competition that it is trying to protect. Orin Hatch, chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, held the first of what he claimed would be several hearings on the Microsoft antitrust petition in the first week of November. At this hearing, the Senator produced an exclusivity agreement between Microsoft and Earthlink Network, Inc. It called for Earthlink to offer only Microsoft’s Internet Explorer and prohibits them from implying that another browser is available. â€Å"’What you have set forth appears to be a classic example of an artificial entry barrier. It is not designed to enhance the product. It is designed simply to hobble the competitor’ said Kevin Arquit (former general counsel of the Federal Trade Commission),† (Clausing†¦Senator). .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469 , .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469 .postImageUrl , .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469 , .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469:hover , .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469:visited , .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469:active { border:0!important; } .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469:active , .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469 .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2db9203a2407eb58eb30119eec5d6469:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Decision To Fund The Atomic Bomb Essay Since the hearing, Microsoft has asked a federal judge to throw the government’s petition out. They filed their response to the Justice Departments allegations with Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson (the same judge that signed the antitrust settlement two years earlier). The company is claiming that the government’s case is without base, is implausible and is a perversion of the truth. According to what their claims, the original decree allows them to develop integrated products. The response also claims that the company â€Å"†¦realized long before Netscape was even a company that Microsoft needed to build this type of functionality into Windows for consumers,† (Clausing†¦Microsoft 2). Netscape was founded in 1994. The first version of Internet Explorer wasn’t released until July of 95, and that was a limited beta version. Where does all of this leave us? Do any of these allegations have merit? Is this software giant a monopoly? If so, how are we going to be affected by it? At the time of this essay, no answers have been provided to the questions brought forth by the government’s allegations. However, it is my belief that Microsoft has met all the requirements necessary for the antitrust laws to be implemented. The consumers are in need of protection. This company has attained more than a dominant share of all sectors of the software markets. It has merged with many smaller companies; it has tied their products to one another, and is about as vertically integrated as one could imagine within the context of the software industry. This corporation seemingly goes out of its way to eliminate competition and block entry to the market. Consumers suffer because of this company and its practices, and I think it is high time that the government steps in and allows the antitrust laws to serve their purpose. Music Essays

Thursday, November 28, 2019

Adrenaline Air Sports background and recommendations Essays

Adrenaline Air Sports background and recommendations Essays Adrenaline Air Sports background and recommendations Essay Adrenaline Air Sports background and recommendations Essay The case is the study of Adrenaline Air Sports and their attempts to grow from a new start-up company a few years ago. The company has many different internal and external environment issues that they need to overcome if they wish to continue to grow. Sky Diving is a sport that is growing by about 2% per year. The external environment for consists of being in an area far away from major population areas to draw from to support their need for new skydivers. The town the company is in is a small resort town but does get 10,000 new visitors per week during the high season. They are within 40 miles of a population base of 120,000 people in the Roanoke area. In addition, about an hour and half drive away is the college town of Blacksburg, which has a population of about 40,000 people plus an additional enrollment of 25,000 students. Students are the greatest percentage of first time customers but rarely make a second jump due to costs. The Greensboro area of North Carolina is 80 miles sou th. First time students and those that continue to get license are the biggest moneymakers for the company. Only 3 percent of first time skydivers return and those that do tend to stay in the sport, so it is key to get more to return since they have the highest profit margin. Adrenaline Air Sports has two main competitors that are located 120 miles northeast of them that compete for the people in the Roanoke area. Although further away, they provide more open times and bigger and faster airplanes that can go to higher altitudes and thus command higher fees. They also are both open year round on weekends and in the high season are open at least four days a week. In addition, there are two additional competitors that are much further away that Adrenaline would only really need to worry about for his serious skydive customers and he can use as a basis for setting costs. Adrenaline Air Sports costs for parachuting is on the whole a little lower then both its competitors. The scenery of his skydiving area is another plus. The internal environment has several issues. All employees are part timers including the owner and many have issues working more then the weekends that the company is currently open. The owner, Billy Cockrell, works Monday to Friday and cannot begin work at Adrenaline until after 7 pm on Friday at the earliest. One issue is that he only has one video camera operator so can only film one new person per flight. In addition, people do not get their videos until late Sunday and since most new student reservations are made on Monday most people do not get to see that video until the following weekend. Billy Cockrell does have allot of serious skydivers who would be willing to come to work for him if he asked. Another issue is the equipment available to the company. Currently they have two Cessna 182 that can accommodate up to four parachutists each at one time. These planes take longer to reach higher altitudes so the company limits jumps to 10,000 feet maximum. Even at this lower altitude, these planes turn around times are longer then their competition. Another equipment logjam during the high season is the amount of parachutes. The company currently only has four tandem and two accelerated free-fall parachutes. Conclusions: My major finding is that the company needs to grow and find other ways to increase revenue and profit margins. I believe the company has two main options. One is to continue to operate the company as a part time business with the same amount of planes but to extend their weekends to include Fridays and Mondays to accommodate more skydivers. The benefits of this would be that they would not need to buy an expensive new larger plane but could take advantage of more operating time. The downside of this would be finding employees to work longer hours since this is a second job for most of them including the owner. The Second option would be to buy a larger plane that would allow a greater number of jumpers, higher altitudes and faster turn around. This option would probably require that the company to go full time. By doing this they would also need to extend the weekends in high season but would have higher profit margins and hourly revenue. They would also need more parachutes for rent. They would probably need to raise prices a bit to afford this high capital expenditure. They would also need to advertise more to get enough people to fill the new plane. Possibly selling one of the Cessna 182 would help alleviate the cost of the larger plane. Recommendation: Although the first option allows for slow growth of the company without having to make it a full time enterprise, I believe the next step for this company is to operate as a fulltime company. The first option does not increase the hourly revenue and you still have issues with how to get more of the higher revenue beginner personnel. The company has a talent pool of many serious skydivers who would be willing to work for the company. To take advantage of this, they need to get a larger plane and increase revenues per hour and also extend their days during the season. The companys growth rate in its first few years shows that the demand is there. This would require going out and finding more first time jumpers and initiating programs to get them to return again. One way would be to move up the free jump to the second or third jump. If you can get them back for three jumps they will probably keep coming back. In addition they need to add at least one more video person since this is a mo neymaker and a great form of advertising.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

The Best Marketing Operations Strategy to Help Overloaded Managers

The Best Marketing Operations Strategy to Help Overloaded Managers Let’s be honest†¦ Marketing Operations doesn’t sound very sexy. It doesn’t spark the same excitement as say a blog post entitled, â€Å"The Best Times to Post on Social Media†. BUT, if you’re a marketing manager looking to improve ROI, Marketing Operations is a topic you should care about. Marketers are constantly expected to do more with less. You’re expected to show your value at every turn†¦ And we’re not just talking about vanity metrics†¦ You need to show cold, hard numbers about how your strategy is driving real business value. By implementing a Marketing Operations strategy†¦ (or even devoting an entire full-time employee to the task) you can start being more consistent in your processes and reaching your campaign goals on the reg. Better processes, better results, better execution. This #Marketing Operations strategy is theMakes Marketing Operations a Cinch So you don’t have the budget to hire a Marketing Operations pro full-time UGH, you’re thinking†¦ Not *another* task I have to take on myself. Have no fear, is here. For real. Lots of Marketing Operations functions can be solved with . Strategic planning? âÅ"… Project Management? âÅ"… Content Operations? âÅ"… Managing your roadmap? âÅ"… Providing insights to Stakeholders? âÅ"… Schedule a demo today to learn how it can make your work life SO much easier. Download These Marketing Operations Templates Before diving in, these templates will help you implement a Marketing Operations Strategy. You’ll find: A Simple Performance Management Checklist   Setting clear goals makes it easier to evaluate your marketing team and increase productivity. Use this checklist to know exactly what to look for, which questions to ask, and what to do. An Agile Sprint planning template   Use this template to implement an Agile marketing process and make sure every project gets done on time, every time. A Marketing Project Management Plan Template   Managing a marketing project is no joke. There are tons of moving parts. Use this template to help get your projects more organized from the get-go. They’ll make putting a strategy into practice much easier. What Even is Marketing Operations? Here are some analogies to illustrate: Marketing Operations is the Excel Spreadsheet to your Adobe Illustrator. It’s the marketing analytics and logic to your design and creativity. It’s the skills handled by the left side of your brain in comparison to the right side. Not into analogies? No problem. Here’s a quick and dirty explanation: Marketing Operations focuses on behind-the-scenes planning, governance, and optimization to make marketing initiatives more successful. From initial budgeting to end-of-campaign analysis, a Marketing Operations professional is responsible for providing hard data to back-up the marketing strategy. Sounds a lot like most marketing managers, amirite? The Scope of Marketing Operations Marketing Operations can be found in all stages of the marketing process. While marketing is usually thought of as the creative group in an organization, the role of Marketing Operations stemmed from the need for increased transparency, efficiency, and accountability. As new technologies slowly proliferated the marketing scene, it became clear that a role was needed to align a company’s processes, metrics and goals – enter Marketing Operations. But for most small and medium-sized enterprises, all of these tasks fall on the shoulders of the Marketing Manager, Marketing Director, or VP of Marketing. That said, here’s a Marketing Operations Strategy to help make your Marketing Operations tasks easier than ever. A Marketing Manager’s Guide to Marketing Operations Let’s assume that you don’t work for a mega-corporation that has all the resources in the world to devote to an entire Marketing Operations, operation. You can still reap the benefits of Marketing Ops by using this strategy. Let’s start with technology†¦ Marketing Operations Technology Marketing Technology or MarTech – has made our jobs as marketers both easier and more complicated. Finding the right solution can make your day-to-day work life 1000x easier... But finding that solution†¦ coupled with *actually* getting your team to use it, sounds like a task that is not worth tackling. However, the status quo can’t continue. This spreadsheet has. Got. To. Go. Let’s start with your tool stack. Don’t have time to track down every MarTech tool for your stack? Here’s a short list to help: Kissmetrics: Metrics, reporting and tracking your funnel are all basic tasks for Marketing Ops. Kissmetrics allows you to build powerful reports and dashboards to track your marketing funnel,   email subscribers, UTM parameters, website activity, and more. Ahrefs: Benchmarketing, competitor analysis, and strategic content planning also fall within the scope of Marketing Operations. Ahrefs helps you target valuable keywords and figure out what you need to do in order to rank your content on search engines. Salesforce: To manage your campaign operations and customer journey tracking like the best of ‘em, Salesforce is pretty awesome. Track things like interactions, build customer segmentations and re-engage using one of the most powerful CRMs around. There is so much you can do with Salesforce we can’t even scratch the surface – it’s a must have to accomplish a lot of Marketing Operations functions. : A project management platform that is actually made for marketing teams.   With you can collaborate, plan, manage workloads and track campaigns all in one tool. It’s mission control for your entire marketing roadmap. Easily see what your entire team is working on day-to-day; share insights with stakeholders using the read-only view; and maximize your team’s productivity. Autopilot: Lead nurturing is awfully hard without a powerful marketing automation platform. Autopilot take a visual approach to email flows. Use this tool to implement advanced marketing automation functions, nurture your leads and hit each persona with the right message at the right time. Process Development and Optimization Efficient and effective processes are one of the key components of Marketing Operations. A successful marketing team doesn’t just set it and forget it, they are constantly improving and tailoring best practices. Start by planning and documenting your workflows. Documenting your workflows means that everyone knows the correct order of operations, when tasks are due, and where their contributions fit into the project’s timeline. They are essential for completing work on time, every time. A documented workflow also means that you can spend more time doing meaningful work and less time following-up with every person at every stage of a marketing project. Here’s how to do it: Step 1:  Determine each team member’s role for each type of project you execute regularly. Step 2:  Map out each task that needs to be completed. Step 3:  Next, assign the task and determine the length of time needed to complete each task. Step 4: Work back from there to determine the necessary project length and attach task due dates for each step in the workflow. For example, here’s what this might look like for a webinar: Generate ideas: Strategist - due 30 days before launch Recruit guest: Strategist - Due 25 days before launch Create talking points: Strategist - Due 18 days before launch Design slide deck: Designer - Due 17 days before launch Include in drip campaign: Marketing Automation - Due 14 days before launch Approve slide deck: Strategist - Due 12 days before launch Schedule social promotion: Writer/Social Strategist - 10 days before launch Test run-though: Guest Host - 1 day before launch Let’s illustrate how this can be done with : In the top right-hand corner of your project click the task template icon. Then, create a new task template. Name your workflow and add each task associated with the project. Next, you can add a due date for each task and assign it to the relevant team member. Now your webinar workflow is documented and ready to be attached to every webinar project from here on out. Recommended Reading: How to Implement an Effective Marketing Workflow Management Process in 7 Simple Steps How To Boost A Marketing Workflow Process That Will Reduce Work By 30-50% Implement an Agile Approach Agile refers to a flexible marketing approach in which teams identify high-value projects, break those project down into smaller deliverables, measure their impact, and then iterate on the results to incrementally improve. Agile Marketing provides marketing teams a set process for running (most) marketing campaigns. Hence a perfect fit for Marketing Operations.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Using the product or service of your choice describe the behaviors in Assignment - 1

Using the product or service of your choice describe the behaviors in making a purchase - Assignment Example According to the principles of marketing based on consumers’ behavior, four major factors influence how consumers of food products make their purchase. The main factor that greatly influences the buyer’s behavior is culture. Therefore, the type of food to be sold in a given market should be determined by the buyers’ culture (John 2000, 28). From the time one is born to the time he is fully grown, it is the culture that will dictate the types of food he is going to prefer eating. The social description of the buyers is also another factor that influences the behavior of the buyer in a food market. The amount of food and type a buyer buys greatly depends on the size of his family, his roles in the society and to a greater extent his social status. Personal factor as the third factor touches first on the buyer’s age and life cycle stages. The type of food one buys in a market over a lifetime changes with age and time. Food purchase behavior is also molded by family life cycle in the since that members of the buyer’s families go through different stages with time (Ruth 2000, 20). Therefore, the market should shape their food supply in the market basing on the consumers life- cycle. Secondly, a person’s occupation can also affect food purchase behavior. Buyer who is a blue-collar worker will tend to buy foods reach in calories because of body demand. One’s economic status is the third important factor under this category of personal f actors (Robert 2008, 27). An individual of high economic status will buy food of high cost while one of low economic status will constrain his budget to cheap food. Last but not the least is one’s lifestyle. The food market should try as much as possible to focus on the lifestyle of the buyer as another thing that affects his buying behavior. People from the same culture, society or even community cannot have the same lifestyle.This means different food and other commodities preference.

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Issue of gun control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Issue of gun control - Essay Example This essay discusses the issue of gun control in the United States of America. Here gun related violence is one of the leading causes of bodily harm and fatalities in which many of the guns used in these crimes do not belong to the shooters. Ideally, the acquisition of these guns tends to be legal, but they end up falling in the hands of ill-motive individuals that avenge attacks on innocent civilians. On the other hand, proponents of gun control restrictions argue that citizens should not own guns either legally or illegally because owning a gun is one of the contributors to gun related violence. In Parma, major calls are on the ban on the licensing of handguns and assault weapons while the obtaining of the other types of guns should be within law requirements. As a way of ensuring that the Ohio state’s curbs the gun violence menace, advocates for the debate have decried the need to have an arms registry that would help in accounting for the weapons used in committing crime. Additionally, gun shows are also potential areas that aid in flooding the population with unlicensed firearms. Ideally, gun acquisitions at gun stores tend to have intense requirements, but firearm shows do not have the same because their intention is making sales and not in safeguarding the population.Also the problem also lies in the accessibility of firearm clips. This is because gun handlers that have high capacity clips tend to spray more bullets without having to stop to reload their weapons, which causes more damage. 3. Data that supports the debate A majority of those that commit gun related violence tend to be individuals that have had priors in crime that has led advocates on the restriction on gun ownership to influence the Ohio state to adopt the background check to be law. When passed, an individual that has a prior history of crime becomes non-illegible to obtaining a firearm because of the information obtained through the national registry. In the past, this measure w as strict, but gradually became non-applied by firearm sellers because it attracted minimal profits within this trade. Ideally, many argue that conducting of background checks on a purchaser of a gun contravenes ones privacy and that it is also discriminating because of the stereotyping associated with past offenders. 3.1 National data According to the Survey by the National crime victimization, almost five hundred people became victim to gun related violence in 2011. On the same year, data by the FBI showed that sixty eight percent of American murders drew influence from firearms (Carter, 351). Additionally, forty-one percent of robbery crimes and twenty one percent of

Monday, November 18, 2019

Al-Qaeda in Southeast Asia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Al-Qaeda in Southeast Asia - Essay Example Consistent with this fact, the term ‘Al Qaeda’ was not Christened by Osama bin Laden; rather, it was the United States intelligence agency CIA that referred to the Islamic activists led by bin Laden in this manner in the mid-1990s. Al Qaeda, translated from Arabic, literally means a â€Å"foundation or precept’. The term Jemaah Islamiyah, a terrorist outfit that has its roots in Southeast Asia is translatable into â€Å"Islamic community† (Shuja, 2006, p.447). Hence, the employment of terrorism is not an intrinsic aspect of these organizations. Terrorism is only a tactic that was adopted during the last decade or so, but there is nothing inevitable about it. This fact should be kept in mind by Australian security agencies, while drawing awareness campaigns and security measures, for far too often western intelligence tends to portray these Islamic groups to indulge in terrorist activities for terror’s sake. This is not true. The Jihadists’ ob jective is to defend their faith and their way of life, which they feel is threatened by the western cultural and military interventions in the Islamic world (and there is sufficient proof to support this assertion). To understand how Al Qaeda gained support in Southeast Asia, it is important to gain cognisance of its founding principle, i.e. Al Qaeda was founded on universal Islamic precepts of jihad and brotherhood. And the present wave of Islamic revivalism and the rise of Islamic fundamentalism in Southeast Asia originated during the 1970s.

Friday, November 15, 2019

Nutrition in Residential Care Settings

Nutrition in Residential Care Settings Health, Wellness and Nutrition Introduction In this assignment, I will discuss various aspects of nutrition in a Residential Care setting. I will look at the opportunities and challenges a social care worker has in addressing the holistic and nutritional needs of the clients and staff. I will look at some of special dietary considerations and the social factors that are involved in a residential care setting. Residential Care Residential Care is an alternative care for young people whose family are unable to care for them. These centres are managed by the Family Support Agency, now Tulsia, or by a voluntary or private Company. There are usually between two and six young people living in each house. In 2013, there were 321 children in residential centres. (www.dcya.gov.ie) The children who live in residential care deserve the very best care that social care workers can provide. To achieve this, their nutritional needs have to be met to ensure that each person can reach their full potential. Social care workers have a duty to look after and provide good wholesome food at the centre. Food is an important part of everyone’s life therefore social care workers need to support children in residential care to make healthy choices and give them practical skills and knowledge to enable them to make the right choices for their health and wellbeing.( Caroline walker Trust) The food pyramid is the recommended guide that is use in Ireland. Foods are divided into different parts in the pyramid to show the recommended intake of each food group. It states that you should eat Plenty of bread, rice pasta and other starchy foods preferably wholegrain varieties with six or more servings for all ages. Although men and boys may eat up to twelve servings depending on how active they are. Plenty of fruit and vegetables, at least six or more portions Three servings of milk, cheese or yoghurt. Children and teenagers will need more. Some meat, fish, eggs beans, pulses, and other non-sources of protein. Two servings is sufficient. Very small amounts of fats and oil. A very small amount or none of foods or drinks that is high in sugar.( Safe food.) A report published in England by Save the Children in 1998, Look Ahead: Young people in Residential Care and Food stated that, many young people who had left residential care were unequipped to live independently. For example, they did not have the skills to shop and cook and this led to unhealthy lives. Young people who had left the service said that they did not learn enough food skills. Less than half of the young people said they had never helped to prepare a meal most of the actives they had taken part in involved setting the tables, washing up or peeling the vegetables. Less than a third said they had a role in the menu planning. The study also showed that a major barrier in residential care was the Health and Safety regulations that excluded young people from the kitchen. (eatingwellchildren2001pdf) Special Dietary Considerations Children and young people need the right balance of food and nutrients to enjoy a healthy life. The key is to get the balance right, to provide essentianal vitamins, minerals, protein and fibre into the diet. If there are insufficient nutrients in the diet, this can lead to diseases and bad health. Childhood obesity has increased over the past few years. Obesity affects children in a number of ways including physical mental and emotional wellbeing. If it continues into adult life, it can have serious affects on health such as diabetes, heart disease stroke and some types of cancers. section 3 nutrition guidance scotish download. Putting into practise a healthy eating plan in a residential care setting, needs to be approached in a sensitive way. It may take time for young people, to adopt a healthier eating plan and to feel comfortable eating in a group. Some young people may choose eat a vegetarian diet. The staff must ensure that this type of diet is varied as much as possible to make sure that good sources of iron, zinc, protein and calcium are included in their diet. Some children in residential care may have a food intolerance or food allergy, which is a reaction to a food or ingredient. Some foods can cause a severe allergic reaction (anaphylactic shock) to such food as peanuts, shellfish or eggs. This should be highlighted in the child’s care plan. Anaphylaxis is the most serious type of allergic reaction and you could die without the proper medical intervention. Although food is the most common allergic reaction insect stings and sometimes exercise can cause anaphylactic shock. The symptoms usually occur within minutes but it can also take a few hours after exposure. As social care workers, it is crucial to be aware of the signs and symptoms as it can happen to anyone at any time. ( www.anaphylaxis.ca) Unlike this serious life threatening allergy are those who suffer from celiac disease. This disease causes the person to react to gluten which is the protein found in wheat. People with celiac disease have an intolerance to wheat products such as bread, cakes, and biscuits. It causes damage to the lining of the small intestine and thus prevents the absorption of nutrients. The only way to manage celiac disease is to avoid all foods that contain gluten to prevent further damage. (Celiac society of Ireland) Diabetes like celiac disease is also an autoimmune condition that results in the body unable to burn up sugar (glucose) properly. This happens when the pancreas does not produce sufficient insulin a natural hormone that regulates blood sugar level. Insulin helps the sugar in the blood enter the cells of thee organs in the body. Without this process to much sugar would build up in the blood. As a result, this can cause faintness weakness and coma. There are two types of Diabetes; Type 1 Diabetes occurs mostly in children and young people. It requires the person to take insulin injections as well as a healthy nutritious diet and exercise. In the residential centre, the staff would have to monitor the person’s diet to make sure that the amount of insulin is carefully balanced against the food that supplies the sugar and the amount of excise that is burning off the sugar. Type 2 Diabetes is on the rise and it is generally seen in older adults. It can be kept under control with a good healthy diet usually there is no need for insulin but some people need to take tablets. (Kirkpatrick, 2004) Social factors Mealtimes are an important part of our culture. It is where children learn about behaviour and develop new skills. It also offers a sense of belonging. Children in residential care may never have experienced this with their own family. Mealtimes should be an enjoyable experience where staff and children can share stories. When planning a meal it is important to take every person likes and dislikes into consideration. Children who have special diets or those who are vegetarian need a variety of suitable nutritious food. Child care (Placement of Children in Residential Care) Regulations, 1995, Part 111, Article 11. www.dcya.gov.ie xxxxxxxxxxput in It is important to build good relationships between staff and children. The care workers ought to look for the views of the children around food and food-related issues. This should be a fundamental part of day-to-day activities at the centre. Social care workers at residential centres have an opportunity to improve children’s experience and health and wellbeing in areas of food practise. It is important for staff to adopt a healthy eating plan, as this will serve as a good example to the children. Children need to develop practical skills around budgeting, buying, preparing and cooking of food as this will prepare them for when the leave the centre. www.Scotland. Gov.uk. Food can work as powerful symbolic medium where thoughts, feelings, and relationships are played out and it can be a useful tool for children who have experienced neglect. Through food, children can experience consistency and nurture and develop autonomy with a sense of control. It can demonstrate trust and care. Food is a simple way for a social care worker to monitor the ethos and the culture of the centre. By reflecting on the food practices and attitudes towards food, you can see how your centre is doing in many ways. Reflection I have found this module both interesting and challenging. I did not realise how complex and intense it would be. I have really enjoyed learning about nutrition and I have integrated this new knowledge into my family life. It has changed the way I look at food. I would also like to do a course on nutrition, as it is such an important aspect of overall health and wellbeing. I have a good understanding now on infections and diseases, which is so important to social care practise and in my own personal life. The subject that has had the most impact on was the subject of child abuse. I found it very informative and very challenging. This subject has really opened my eyes to the realness of the work that is involved in social care practise. I feel this module is central to social care practise and it has prepared me for social work. I have gained practical every day skills that I will require, to work as a social care worker.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Volpone, by Ben Jonson :: Free Essay Writer

Consider the end of the play, the lack of resolution in the Bonario - Celia relationship, the class based difference in the severity of Volpone and Mosca`s punishments, the situation in which Corbaccio, Voltore and Corvino are left. Do you find the ending just and in structure or are the unresolved situations disturbing? In the epistle of the play Ben Jonson states â€Å"it being the office of a comic poet to imitate justice.† It can be said that this is shown in the ending and that it is just and in structure as all the characters are punished in some way for their avarice and the â€Å"innocent† characters Bonario and Celia who in a way provide a contrast to the immoral selfishness, are set free and Celia is given back with three times her dowry money to her father. However there are unresolved issues left at the end of the play concerning these characters. One point of view would be that Celia and Bonario were secondary characters in the play used as virtuous characters to provide a distinction between the corruption and greed of Volpone. Mosca, Corvino, Corbaccio and Voltore, consequently making the problems concerning them as unimportant in context with the punishment or â€Å"justice† served by Jonson to Volpone. But then it is important to bear in mind that as these two ch aracters were so inherently good-natured that the reputation of them and lack of resolution can be regarded as disturbing. Another disturbing injustice can be viewed as the class based difference Mosca and Volpone`s punishments. Volpone is sent to â€Å"Thou art to lie in prison, cramped with irons, till thou be`st sick and lame indeed.† As he is â€Å"By blood, and rank a gentleman.† And is sent to the Hospital of the Incurables. Mosca, â€Å"Being a fellow of no birth, or blood.† Is sentenced to â€Å" first thou be whipped; Then live perpetual prisoner in our gallies.† This inequity can be seen as being based on the fact that Mosca is a parasite, in metaphorical terms a flesh fly who feeds of others: the lowest of the low. However, when one of the avocatore thought Mosca had inherited the money therefore moving up in status, as a clarissimo he had described Mosca as â€Å"A proper man! And were Volpone dead. A fit match for my daughter.† And is called a â€Å"gentleman.† This shows how differences in class make a difference for how the characters are treated i n punishment.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Drinking culture in Korea Essay

Despite the economic down turn, Korean consumers are still ardent drinkers. The drinking culture in Korea are favourable towards on-trade channels, as drinking is considered an important social activity. Alcoholic drinks are an important accompaniment to events ranging from orientation program in universities to company dinners and welcoming parties for new employees or farewell parties, as well as birthdays, weddings and funerals. 11 There is a unique and peculiar drinking custom in Korea. When Koreans drink alcohol with someone older than them, they are extremely cautious when pouring the alcohol. It is important not make the senior’s glass over flow, but more importantly It is important to use two hands when you are pouring the alcohol. This shows respect and a token of admiration, and this custom is applied to every case in Korea. For example you should submit you coursework with two hands to your teacher. 12 Koreans on occasion will exchange glasses. When somebody offers liquor with his glass, the drink should be drunk straight away and offer more liquor with the glass. Drinkers tend to serve one another rather than have the drinks poured by a bartender. 13 South Korea has a well-known reputation for having the most dangerous drinking culture in the world. A night out in town with Korean businessmen can entail some serious culture shocks, as Koreans are well known for the alcohol tolerance. Drinking plays a big part in the Korean culture as it helps build trust and deepen relationships. It is believe that alcohol is an invaluable social lubricant. There are also well known drinking games in Korea amongst the young generation. The latest report from by the â€Å"Korean Institutes for Heath and Social Affairs† shows that the average adult male in Korea drinks about 11 days out of the month and women four. 14 This suggests that there is a strong drinking culture in Korea and that it is integrated into every aspect of their lives some way or another. Domestic reports show that in 2002, an average Korean drank 59 bottles of Soju, 86 bottles of beer and 1. 3 bottles of whisky annually. Consumer expenditure on alcoholic drinks had an overall increase throughout the late 1990’s through to the 2003. 2003 started with a gloomy outlook for the South Korean economy. Most economist report low consumer sentiments and affected alcoholic drinks in a varying manner. 29 Whisky imports have fallen by 30%; this may be due to the continuation of Korea’s economic slump. In June Korea imported $15. 76 million (approx i 9. 3) worth of whisky, however in May it imported $20. 7million (approx i 12. 17). It is the first time that whisky imports have marked a double-digit fall since July 2001. According to industry experts, the reduction in imports resulted in a drop in consumption of premium whisky due the slow moving economy. Many companies have instructed their employees not to go to expensive bars when they meet their clients. â€Å"Whisky consumption responds to business fluctuations† an official at the commerce, Industry and energy Ministry Said â€Å"diminishing whisky imports are likely to continue for the time being†. Whisky consumption has fallen over four successive months, from January to April, for the first time since the 1997 financial crisis. 30 As a result there has been an increase in Soju consumption and a decline in whisky consumption. This can be seen from the quantity of whisky actually delivered into Korea, which fell by 50% from March to April. Soju on the other hand increase its sales with 16% during the same period. 32 33 South Korea’s whisky consumption is a barometer of how confident the country’s 48 million people re feeling about their economy. All foods and beverages imported into Korea are subject to inspections by the Ministry of Health and Welfare/food quantitative division. There are two types of food and beverage inspections: a detailed chemical analysis test and visual/document inspection. Korean-language labels must include the following: name of the product; country of origin; type of product; importers name, address and telephone number; business licence number of importer; expiration date; alcohol percentage and volume; name and volume of ingredients by percentage; name of place where the product can be returned or exchanged in case the product is damaged or defective; instructions for storage; name of food additives; the Government’s health warning clause and lot number or manufacturing date. As a result if Glen Sporran is imported into Korea, it must abide with the labelling instructions stated above. 42 9. 3 Price When Pricing Glen Sporran, it should be noted that it is a premium malt whisky and the price should reflect the quality of the product. When pricing Glen Sporran the direct competitors should be considered. The Price should be compared to the other single malt whiskies that are already in the Korean market, as they would have went through similar strategies to make the whisky available. 10. Distribution There is a high consumption of alcoholic beverages through on-trade channels in Korea. There are well-developed on-trade channels in Korea such as restaurants, pubs, and nightclubs especially in Seoul. On- Trade sales continued to account for a significant percentage of sales in the overall alcoholic drinks market in 2003. Even though there is a significant price gap for whisky due to high import tax and high local duties, Glen Sporran can be sold in premium on-trade outlets where consumers do not mind a high price gap as they enjoy the mood and the environment such outlets have to offer.

Friday, November 8, 2019

DISCUSSION OF THE RESEARCH TEC essays

DISCUSSION OF THE RESEARCH TEC essays IT Projects have a very high rate of failure. It is the responsibility of the IT project manager to ensure the success of the project. For a project manager to be both effective and efficient at their job they must possess the appropriate qualities and skills. Failure of an IT project as a result of poor project management can result from the lack of management of the various constraints on the projects. There can be many factors that can contribute to this, but ultimately it is the role of the project manager to assess and allocate the resources such as time, cost and staff skills accordingly. In assessing the success of the project managers role, it is considered necessary to use qualitative and quantitative research techniques together, rather than either of them alone. To support this argument, two journal articles which be reviewed to show the benefit of both research techniques, but in particular, that the success of IT project management can not be assessed with qualitative measures. The two articles selected to address the essay topic in relation to the practice of information technology project management are attached at Appendix 1 and Appendix 2. The first article is entitled No More IT Projects. This article presents insights on the failure of companies in the U.S. to align information technology (IT) plans with their corporate strategies as of March 20044. This article focuses on quantitative research, in particular statistical research, to support the failure of IT projects through a project manager not addressing the alignment of the project with corporate requirements. The second article is IT Project Management: developing on-going skills in the management of software development projects5. In evaluating the different aspects of IT project management the ability to align IT plans with corporate strategies is an extremely important facet of IT project...

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Free Essays on Emily Griersons Friends And Foes

Emily Grierson’s Friends and Foes Emily Grierson’s closest companion can unknowingly be her own worst enemy. Whether it is a girlfriend, boyfriend, parent, or sibling, one can never know who is trying to bestow evil on her. Emily always has enemies lurking around in the shadows somewhere and for some reason. In William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† enemies are found throughout the main character’s entire life. Emily Grierson is victimized by those who should have cared most for her. Emily’s father is the first to be misleading to her in her life. Her father thinks that â€Å"none of the young men [are] quite good enough for Miss Emily†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (7). Emily feels differently about the young men, but her father never allows her to have any boyfriend. Everyone â€Å"†¦remembered all the young men her father had driven away†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (7). Therefore when Emily finally gets herself a boyfriend, she doesn’t want to let him go. Homer Barron is Emily’s first real boyfriend. No one in the town can believe she would â€Å"†¦ think seriously of a Northerner, a day laborer† (7). Homer is also someone who deceives Emily. Not only does he use her just for his satisfaction while he is in town, he lets the whole town know about it. Homer makes a mockery of Emily at the Elk’s Club with the younger men. Then the whole town believes that Homer and Emily are going to marry, until he tells everybody that â€Å"†¦ he is not the marrying kind† (8). Coleman 2 When Emily and Homer’s relationship ends, she doesn’t even have any friends to rely on. The women of the town aren’t very helpful in Emily’s time of need. When her father dies they don’t even feel true pity for her for the loss of her father, â€Å"they pity Miss Emily [because she is] left alone [and now] has to be humanized† (7). Instead of offering condolences out of the kindness of their hearts, the ladies only offer it because it is their custom. When Emil... Free Essays on Emily Grierson's Friends And Foes Free Essays on Emily Grierson's Friends And Foes Emily Grierson’s Friends and Foes Emily Grierson’s closest companion can unknowingly be her own worst enemy. Whether it is a girlfriend, boyfriend, parent, or sibling, one can never know who is trying to bestow evil on her. Emily always has enemies lurking around in the shadows somewhere and for some reason. In William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† enemies are found throughout the main character’s entire life. Emily Grierson is victimized by those who should have cared most for her. Emily’s father is the first to be misleading to her in her life. Her father thinks that â€Å"none of the young men [are] quite good enough for Miss Emily†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (7). Emily feels differently about the young men, but her father never allows her to have any boyfriend. Everyone â€Å"†¦remembered all the young men her father had driven away†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (7). Therefore when Emily finally gets herself a boyfriend, she doesn’t want to let him go. Homer Barron is Emily’s first real boyfriend. No one in the town can believe she would â€Å"†¦ think seriously of a Northerner, a day laborer† (7). Homer is also someone who deceives Emily. Not only does he use her just for his satisfaction while he is in town, he lets the whole town know about it. Homer makes a mockery of Emily at the Elk’s Club with the younger men. Then the whole town believes that Homer and Emily are going to marry, until he tells everybody that â€Å"†¦ he is not the marrying kind† (8). Coleman 2 When Emily and Homer’s relationship ends, she doesn’t even have any friends to rely on. The women of the town aren’t very helpful in Emily’s time of need. When her father dies they don’t even feel true pity for her for the loss of her father, â€Å"they pity Miss Emily [because she is] left alone [and now] has to be humanized† (7). Instead of offering condolences out of the kindness of their hearts, the ladies only offer it because it is their custom. When Emil...

Monday, November 4, 2019

Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Methods - Essay Example exist across various dress codes, the starting point shall be doing the comparison through the analysis of the dress worn by the women and utilise them as the key codes. Doing so shall help in dealing with the privacy requirements. Bodgan and Biklen (1998) evaluate the importance availed by secondary research. The extraction of vital sections from different studies and putting them in a linear timeline to determine the changes that have occurred will set a wholesome picture of the historical linkage that has developed through past studies. Hence, specialized encyclopaedias or dictionaries, specific scholarly articles, and dissertations shall be used. The purpose of this case study is for the research. The reason why this case study was chosen is due to the new institutions such as Princess Nora University, which is my case study. It was chosen because of the style of the building observed during visits. From what has been observed in photographs, the university building is modern and huge. Its style is not Arabic but self-consciously modern. As per my assessment, the architecture version that was assumed to have been used, does not fit the work done to have the building. At the time of building it, it could have been built to show richness, ambition as it is the biggest built in the world during the last 15 years. Hence, there is positivity that it was built for women. All the things that were obtained were constructive; however, looking at it now after it has had a generation gone through it, I assume it happened too fast. The assumption that because it was a Western model, then it meant that it had to have 100 % Western archit ecture was incorrect. As a result, the incorrectness is part of the learning process especially through experiences. Nevertheless, there will be analysis and references to other universities in Riyadh. The reason is because there are parallel situations. In addition, there is difficulty in collecting the data from place to place and the

Friday, November 1, 2019

Code of the Street Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Code of the Street - Essay Example As a result, mainstream institutions such as the law, are experienced and interpreted through a different lens. This essay will critically analyse and reflect upon Anderson's code for the purposes of determining both its validity and viability. The code of the street is defined as "a set of prescriptions and proscriptions, or informal rules of behavior organized around a desperate search for respect that governs public social relations, especially violence" (Anderson, 1999: 9). Within the code people operate under a "threat of vengeance" which acts as a shield to violent encounters (Anderson, 1999: 10). The code is "a set of informal rules governing interpersonal public behavior, particularly violence" in inner-city neighborhoods (Anderson, 1999: 33). It is residents' form of "law" or their "street justice" (Anderson, 1999: 10). The code thus is an alternative system to the middle-class norm. While it may be difficult for outsiders to evaluate the validity of the state due to lack of lived experience with street life, one can safely assert that Anderson's analysis rings true insofar as it appears to stem from the very nature of social systems' rules and regulations. Any social setting is governed by a set of rules which mu st be strictly followed should one wish to negotiate his/her way through the system in question and interact with members therein. The street, according to Anderson, is no different. Proceeding from the above stated, it is necessary to point out that in any social setting, self-esteem is important, as is its preservation. The street is no different. In inner-city communities, respect is key to one's self-concept and as such, the code prescribes "the proper way to respond if challenged" (Anderson, 1999: 33). On the street, one's reputation is highly valued and important to his self-identity. To maintain reputation, there is a constant "threat of violence" against those who may attempt to trample another's standing in the community (Anderson, 1999: 15). Anderson argues that the code regulates violence on the street as it offers approved justifications for those desiring to aggress against another. Whether or not you engage in violence, you are aware of the penalty if there is a rule violation (Anderson, 1999). The code thus is one's defense on the street. The code "provides a framework for negotiating respect" and is a "practical" mechanism for surviving on the str eet (Anderson, 1999: 134). Respect is a powerful commodity on the streets of inner-city America and is "a form of social capital " Anderson (1999: 66) Respect is premised on "being treated right" and given deference (Anderson, 1999: 33). Respect is external and must be demonstrated and seen. On the street, young Black males must constantly prove themselves often using physical violence. Once you have established yourself, respect acts like shield of protection. To maintain respect, one must have a hardened image and appear unbreakable. While life off the street emphasises respect and self-esteem, it does not prescribe violence as a means of attaining and later preserving it. In other words, societal culture and street culture have different perceptions of the meaning of respect and its determinants, despite their both outlining and highlighting its importance. Just as is the case with society in general, street society is not homogenous but comprised of different groups, cultures and

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

MHE509 Module 5 - SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

MHE509 Module 5 - SLP - Essay Example The main better features of the Barnard College’s plan/policy for the emergency and disaster management those can be used to effectively deal with the weakness of the overall policy and disaster management plan. This plan has set up priorities regarding the disaster management, where the policy makers have given priority to the saving of the lives and collage property in case of emergencies. Then they have placed the point regarding the functioning of College main task during emergency condition. Here they have minimized the weaknesses through the on time better management of the resources and manpower in the occurrence of an emergency state. They also mentioned that the help and coordination with the outside agencies in case of emergency will be preferred, in this way the Barnard College be able to manage and handle of its main weaknesses regarding there policy and emergency state management recourses. Now I will mention few main objectives settled by the Barnard College for the effective management of any disaster state. This feature of their policy is more powerful tool they can use for the better disaster management in spite of lot of policy and resource weaknesses. This policy has established that the on time and non-interrupted emergency communication is very necessary for handling the critical situation. The policy states that need to assess the injuries, damage and site of main troubles is also a main facture for the successful critical situation handling. The evacuate plan implementation is also a better step for the better disaster management and handling. In this way the Barnard College is able to save the numerous lives and the property from some critical situation. Another main feature of this policy is regarding the isolation of the unsafe areas in anticipation of evaluation that can grantee that the location is now safe for reentry. In this policy they have mentioned that the first aid and medical triage

Monday, October 28, 2019

Reproductive Isolating Mechanisms Essay Example for Free

Reproductive Isolating Mechanisms Essay In the 1940s, Ernst Mayr coined the term Biological Species Concept that was subsequently widely embraced by the scientific community. The definition stated that Species are groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups. Certain mechanisms are in place to prevent species from interbreeding with others and these are referred to as reproductive isolating mechanisms, which are biological incompatibilities. There are many mechanisms acting on natural populations and these are broadly grouped into two categories namely prezygotic and postzygotic mechanisms. Prezygotic isolating mechanisms are those mechanisms that isolate species before fertilisation i.e. before a zygote is formed. They include geographical, ecological, temporal, ethological, mechanical, morphological and gametic isolation. These mechanisms lesson the possibility of gametes from different species coming into contact and hence forming a zygote. One prezygotic isolating mechanism is ecological isolation, also referred to as habitat isolation. Ecological isolation prevents different species that live in the same territory but different habitats from interbreeding. These species are referred to as sympatric species since they occur in the same territories. Individuals mate in their preferred habitat, and therefore do not meet individuals of other species with different ecological preferences. An example of ecological isolation occurs within the Rana genus. R. grylio, the pig frog and R. areolata, the gopher frog both occur around New Orleans, Louisiana. The exceptionally aquatic pig frog lives in deep ponds, lakes and marshes amongst surfacing vegetation and breeds in deep water so has no contact with the gopher frog which lives in burrows during the day, and in the swamp margins at night and breeds in shallow water. This way the possibility of interbreeding between the two species is eliminated. Temporal isolation, also known as seasonal isolation is a prezygotic mechanism that prevents interbreeding between species. Temporal isolation is the isolation of species by changing the time at which they release gametes.  A particularly strong example of temporal isolation occurs in three tropical orchid species of the genus Dendrobium. The species only flower for a single day, opening at dawn and withering by nightfall. The flowering of each species is in response to the same environmental stimuli, such as a sudden storm on a hot day, but the lag time between the occurrence of the stimulus and the flowering is eight, nine, and ten or eleven in the different species. Since they flower for a single day, inter-species fertilization is made impossible because when one species has flowered the others are either not yet mature or already withered. Other examples of temporal isolation in natural populations are not as pronounced such as in cases were species are isolated due to breeding during different seasons like Sciurus carolinensis, the gray squirrel which mates in July and August; and Sc. niger, the fox squirrel which breeds in May and June. Another prezygotic isolating mechanism is ethological isolation or behavioural isolation. This mechanism prevents species, mostly animals from interbreeding based on their different behavioural patterns. It affects animals that occur within the same territory and habitat but with different mating behaviours. In most animals, mates are chosen in a species-specific approach often after species-specific mating rituals of some form. Matings follow these rituals which can be ended if at least one of the mating parties decides that the process leading to the mating is not as expected. Ethological isolation can be strong reproductive isolating mechanism in animals also between closely related species. An effective example of ethological isolation occurs in certain frog species of the Hyla species. H. versicolor, the gray tree frog and the closely related H. femoralis, pine wood tree frog often breed in the same ponds. Both species are physically very similar but their male mating calls, which last about three seconds and sound the same to humans can be differentiated by the female tree frogs and thus insures species-specific mating. This is also the case when considering why dogs and wolves dont mate as frequently as expected because of their different behavioural patterns. Mechanical isolation is a mechanism that prevents copulation between different animal species because of incompatible shape and size of the  genitalia. This occurs in species are sympatric and live in a common habitat and have overlapping breeding seasons without any ethological isolating mechanisms. In plants, variation in flower structure can inhibit cross species pollination. In California, two sage species, namely Salvia mellifera and S. apiana exhibit this form of prezygotic isolation. Two- lipped S. mellifera has stamens and style in their upper lip, whereas S. apiana has long stamens and style and a specialized floral configuration. Small and medium sized bees that carry pollen on their backs pollinate the two-lipped flowers, and large carpenter and bumble bees that carry pollen on their wings and other body parts pollinate S. apiana. This mechanism thus ensures that pollen cannot be transferred between the species, as only the corresponding pollinators are able to transfer pollen to the style of each flower. Another prezygotic isolation mechanism is morphological isolation, which in some cases overlaps with mechanical isolation mechanisms. This isolating mechanism prevents mating due to differences in size and shape between species. Morphological isolation prevents the spread of genes between the oak toad, Bufo quercicus and the Gulf Coast toad, Bufo vallicpes due to the size variation between the two species. The female oak toad has a maximum length of approximately 3 centimetres whereas the smallest Gulf Coast males are about twice as long. This way the size differences between the spaces make copulation extremely unlikely as male oak toads are too small to grasp the female Gulf Coast toad and male Gulf Coast toads are large enough to, and generally do, eat the female oak toads. The last prezygotic isolating mechanism is gametic isolation also known as gametic mortality. Gametic isolation is the mechanism in which fertilization cannot occur between species generally due to chemical incompatibilities between their gametes. In animals that practice internal fertilization, sperm may not be able to survive in the females sperm receptacles. Some plant species, pollen grains of one species usually cannot germinate on the stigma of another species thus preventing fertilization between species. Since many aquatic animals disperse their ova and sperm into the water, gametesof different species do not have affinities for each other. This was  demonstrated between the sea urchins Stronglocentrotus purpuratus and S. franciscanus when after induction of simultaneous realease of eggs and sperm, all resultant fertilizations were between eggs and sperms of the same species. Postzygotic isolation mechanisms are those reproductive isolating mechanisms, which are effective after the union of gametes of different species i.e. after fertilisation. Postzygotic isolating mechanisms include hybrid inviability, hybrid sterility and hybrid breakdown. Postzygotic isolating mechanisms reduce the viability or fertility of hybrids or their progeny. These mechanisms come into play when hybridzygotes are formed either naturally or unnaturally. Hybrid inviability is the postzygotic isolating mechanism that occurs between fertilisation and birth. This mechanism prevents the full development of zygotes and thus leads to their subsequent death. An example in animals is the death of artificially created sheep-goat hybrid embryos in early developmental stages before birth. Hybrid inviability also occurs in plants, most commonly resulting in hybrid seeds either failing to germinate or dying shortly after germination. Hybrid sterility or hybrid infertility is a postzygotic reproductive isolating mechanism which affects hybrids that survive to adulthood. This mechanism creates sterile hybrids i.e. hybrids that cannot produce offspring. The most well known example is the case of the mule. When a horse and a donkey mate they are capable of producing offspring called mules. But mules are sterile, leaving them out of the gene pool thus maintaining species integrity. Hybrid breakdown is the last postzygotic isolating mechanism in place to maintain species differentiation. It occurs in cases of crossbreeding were hybrids of inter species matings are viable and fertile. Hybrid breakdown occurs commonly and results in the hybrids offspring or the F2 generation being unviable or significantly weaker and unable to contribute genes to a next generation. Certain cotton plants show this form of reproductive  isolation such as Gossypium barbadense, G. hirsutum and G. tomentosum which produce hybrids that seem viable and fertile, but their offspring die either as seeds, early during development or develop into weaker plants unable to compete and reproduce. Reproductive isolation combines traits that reduce gene flow, such as mate choice or fertilization barriers, with traits that select against genes that have flowed, such as hybrid incompatibility. Reproductive isolating mechanisms are ultimately mechanisms evolved in species to prevent interbreeding with other species and thus allow for scientists to differentiate between species using the biological species concept. Bibliography Futuyma, DJ. 1998. Evolutionary biology, 3rd ed., Sinauer Assoc. Inc., USA Griffiths, A.J.F., Miller, J.H. Suzuki, D.T., Lewontin, R.C. and Gelbart, W.M. 1999. Introduction to Genetic Analysis. W.H Freeman Co. New York. Hale, W. and Margham, J. 1988. Collins Dictionary of Biology. Collins, UK. Mayr, E. 1942 Systematics and the Origin of Species. Columbia University Press, New York, USA. Mayr, E. (1970) Populations, Species, and Evolution. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. Starr, C. and Taggart, R. (2001). Biology, The Unity and Diversity of Life, 9th ed. Brookes/ Cole, USA. www.abacus.gene.ucl.ac.uk/jim/Sp/isolmech.html www.library.thinkquest.org/ 19926/java/library/article/17a.ht

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Domestic Violence :: Family Violence

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Domestic violence include sex abuse and intentionally or unintentionally use of physical force such as slapping, hitting and causing other injuries to your partner, children, friends, etc. A psychologist and law school professor, Mary Ann Dutton, who is an expert in domestic violence described it as "a pattern of behavior in which one intimate partner uses physical violence, coercion, threats, intimidation, isolation and emotional, sexual or economic abuse to control and change the behavior of the other partner." (Taken from an article in www.womenslaw.org, by Valerie Despres)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These are actions considered as domestic violence:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  DOMESTIC VIOLENCE is a pattern of abusive behavior which keeps one partner in a position of power over the other partner through the use of fear, intimidation and control. PHYSICAL ABUSE: Grabbing, pinching, shoving, slapping, hitting, hair pulling, biting, etc. Denying medical care or forcing alcohol and/or drug use. SEXUAL ABUSE: Coercing or attempting to coerce any sexual contact without consent, e.g., marital rape, forcing sex after physical beating, attacks on sexual parts of the body or treating another in a sexually demeaning manner. ECONOMIC ABUSE: Making or attempting to make a person financially dependent, e.g., maintaining total control over financial resources, withholding access to money, forbidding attendance at school or employment. EMOTIONAL ABUSE: Undermining a person's sense of self-worth, e.g., constant criticism, belittling one's abilities, name calling, damaging a partner's relationship with the children. PSYCHOLOGICAL ABUSE: Causing fear by intimidation, threatening physical harm to self, partner or children, destruction of pets and property, mind games or forcing isolation from friends, family, school and/or work. (Source from womenslaw.org) What are the causes of domestic violence? There are many factors that lead people to use violence. They use violence when they are stressed, angry, feeling hatred, drink too much alcohol, use drug. Children are more likely to grow up as violent men if they are influenced by their parents, brothers, sisters and friends, all of whom use violence. Culture plays an important role in domestic violence. For example in Asian culture or Asian American, parents usually hit their children when the children make mistakes or do not obey the parents’ orders.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Men are much more likely to use violence than women. In the USA, women are the victims of violence at rate of 5 times more than men. â€Å"About 95% of victims of domestic violence are women. Over 50% of all women will experience physical violence in an intimate relationship, and for 24-30% of those women, the battering will be regular and on-going.